I have just finished a fascinating book – War Games: The story of aid and war in modern
times by Linda Polman. It is worth quoting one sentence from the blurb to
explain further what it is about:
From Rwanda to Afghanistan, from Sudan to Iraq, this devastating exposé
shows how the humanitarian aid industry, the media and warmongers the world
over are locked in a cycle of mutual support.
Now, this may come as no surprise to many people, and I have
to admit both that I have always felt rather dubious about the advertising and
staffing costs of some of the big charities and that I have suspected some
truth in rumours of wasted and stolen aid. Nevertheless, this book has rocked
my trust in just about every international aid organisation, including many
that label themselves as ‘Christian’.
It appears that it is not only the big charities, which are
run like multi-national corporations and focus mainly on contracts with the
United Nations and various national governments, but also smaller
organisations. In some cases, these amount to one-man operations, which are
almost invariably evangelistic in one way or another, yet also do enormous
damage in places they visit.
The problem is very simple. The rich West has the resources
and desire to help the developing world. Some in the developing world can see
the financial benefits of creating or exacerbating situations that require aid.
The greater the disaster and the more tear-jerking the needs, the greater the
level of aid and so the richer the pickings. Children are particularly good
targets for cruelty as the West can be almost guaranteed to cough up when
pot-bellied orphans appear on the television screen. Money and resources are
syphoned off by local governments as taxes on imported foodstuffs or whatever
the aid, and by warlords as tolls for passing through their territory or by
insisting on the use of local labour, which they then tax.
What is the local take used for? Partly for feeding those
who hold power, but also for maintaining a state of war, which continues the
need for aid to help innocent civilians. It is a cycle in which those who suffer
most are generally least involved.
You may think that some of what I have written so far is
callous; referring to pot-bellied orphans as if they are not real people in a
real emergency situation. The problem is that in a way they are not. Instead,
they are figures on a chart used by humanitarian organisations to win lucrative
contracts and remote images on screen to tug at the heartstrings of comfy-living
donors. I am not suggesting that aid workers in the front line or at desks may
not be genuinely concerned for the welfare of those they help. For all I know,
they may well be broken hearted as they carry out their work. But the aid
organisations are part of a competitive industry and behave as such more often
than not. You have only to look at the jobs advertised on charity job sites to
see that they are after professional fund raisers, accountants, business
managers, and so on. The bottom line is money and everyone who works for the
organisation relies on it for their salaries.
In the case of the small operations such as a small team of
doctors from a local church who, during their two week vacation, fly to a disaster
zone to treat the wounded, the motive is generally less financial. The results,
however, can be equally disastrous. In some cases, these groups drop in, help a
few people and then leave, without even thinking about who will carry on with
the support upon which the locals now rely.
Linda Polman ends her book by saying that she does not
advocate ending all humanitarian aid to war zones, but that we should look at
how the money and resources are used and take steps to correct abuses. I’m sure
she’s right! The call to help everyone in need, whatever the long-term human cost, is
hard to resist, but is ill used.
Those of us who follow Jesus are often suckers for the
suffering of others. We too should be very careful with our charitable works. I
cannot help but notice that the bible has absolutely nothing to say on the
subject of humanitarian aid to all who need it. When Paul collected money, for
example, it was for fellow believers in Jerusalem, not everyone who lived
there. Jesus explained the concept of ‘neighbours’, and we are enjoined to love
and help them, by telling the story of the Samaritan. He did not talk about
people in far off lands, but those who lived nearby. We were told to go and make
disciples, not take humanitarian aid.
Should churches be collecting for Tear Fund, Christian Aid,
Save the Children, Oxfam and the like? Should they be sending aid directly to
emergency sites with small teams or individuals, who can wreak havoc with other
relief work? Should we be using so-called rice evangelism, whether it be with food,
tents or medical aid? Should our love be demonstrated through serving our
neighbours or through responding to the sentimentalised challenges of far-off
disasters? Should we exacerbate the problems caused by those who make war in
order to take aid?